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Home / Technology & Research

Technology & Research

Peer-Reviewed Battery Research

Battery Knowledge

Ideas behind better battery decisions.

Research and practical insights on battery health, diagnostics, and monitoring.

Featured research

Latest insights
Commercial truck in fleet service

Technology & Research

Validating Electrical Energies

By Cadex Electronics Inc.

See how Multi-Model EIS combines capacity, cold-cranking performance, and application-specific thresholds to support better battery service decisions.

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EIS Direct Drive excitation signal A small excitation signal is applied across the battery voltage over time without a discharge test. Battery Voltage Excitation EIS Direct Drive Noninvasive battery analysis Time

Technology & Research

Multi-Model EIS

By Cadex Electronics Inc.

EIS analyzes the kinetic reaction of the chemical battery EIS Direct Drive can be built into a…

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Scissor-lift rental fleet parked together

Technology & Research

Battery Check in Seconds: Scissor Lifts

By Cadex Electronics Inc.

How 30-second capacity testing helps rental fleets identify weak scissor-lift batteries, match battery…

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More research

Battery test methods compared by test time and diagnostic depth A chart places voltage checks at the fast screening end, resistance and conductance next, Multi-Model EIS at rapid diagnostic depth, and charge-discharge testing at the measured capacity end. Test time and operational effort Diagnostic depth Seconds Hours Voltage Charge indication Resistance Fast power screening Multi-Model EIS ≈30 SEC Supported battery diagnostics Charge-discharge Measured capacity

Technology & Research

Which Battery Test Technology Is Right for Your Application?

By Cadex Electronics Inc.

Compare voltage, load, resistance, Multi-Model EIS, and charge-discharge testing to select the right method for each battery decision.

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Eight-wheeled armoured military vehicle inside a maintenance facility

Technology & Research

Getting Vehicles Combat Ready

By Cadex Electronics Inc.

How 30-second capacity testing validates the reserve energy armoured vehicles need for Silent Watch, engine start, and mission readiness.

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Fleet of commercial floor-cleaning machines

Technology & Research

Battery Check in Seconds: Floor Cleaners

By Cadex Electronics Inc.

How 30-second capacity testing helps service teams identify weak floor-cleaner batteries, match battery strings, and prevent interrupted cleaning routes.

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Blue Toyota sedan driving along a city street

Technology & Research

Verifying the Weak Link

By Cadex Electronics Inc.

Why passenger-car service should check battery capacity alongside cranking power—and how a 30-second test supports a clear pass/fail decision.

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Peer-Reviewed Research

Lithium-Ion Battery Relaxation Effects

By Marvin Messing, Tina Shoa, Saeid Habibi

The accurate estimation of the state-of-charge (SoC) of lithium-ion batteries is crucial for safely operating electric vehicles. One way to obtain information about SoC is to utilize battery impedance profiles. Effects…

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Peer-Reviewed Research

State of Health Estimation of Li-Ion Batteries Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

By Hassan Shabbir, William Dunford, Tina Shoa

Since batteries have a limited lifetime, repeated charge and discharge cycles deteriorate their electrochemical properties. With reduced capacity and other changes in state of health, an electronic device may…

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Peer-Reviewed Research

Reliable State of Charge and State of Health Estimation Using the Smooth Variable Structure Filter

By H. H. Afshari, M. Attari, R. Ahmed, A. Delbari, Saeid Habibi, Tina Shoa

This paper introduces a reliable strategy for the state of charge (SOC) and the state of health (SOH) estimation of healthy and aged Lithium polymer cells. Dynamics of the cell are modeled using some equivalent circuit…

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Peer-Reviewed Research

New Advances in Lithium-Ion Battery Monitoring

By Jörn Tinnemeyer

In the last decade, lithium-ion batteries have dominated the marketplace, first in portable consumer products and now in industrial and transportation applications. Every application needs to gauge how much energy the…

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